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Which Tesla to buy by year: a guide to generations, batteries, and known issues (2026)

A breakdown of Model 3, Y, S and X by model year: which generation to buy, which to watch closely, and which to avoid. For each year — battery chemistry, key known issues with links to deep dives, a distinguishing feature, and a traffic-light verdict. Summary table + cross-cutting red flags (MCU1, certificates, Autopilot HW). Distilled from 400,000+ messages in the TESLA Belarus community.