All Tesla models in order: from Roadster to Cybercab (2008–2026)

In 18 years Tesla has built eight production models, from the 2008 Roadster sports car to the Cybercab robotaxi that entered production in spring 2026. Below they are listed in release order, with years, refreshes, body styles, drivetrains and batteries. This is a reference to the lineup. If you are shopping for a used car and want to know which year and generation to buy, go to the Tesla by-year buying guide: it has traffic-light verdicts and the known issues of each generation.

All statuses were checked on 20 October 2026. Tesla often moves its dates, so for future cars we list the promised dates, not guaranteed ones.

All Tesla models in order: summary table

Which chemistry a specific car has depends on more than the model: year and factory matter too. A US-built 2021 Model 3 Long Range and a Shanghai-built car of the same year have completely different batteries. Every version is covered in the Tesla battery types guide.

Why S, 3, X, Y: where the order and the names come from

By first deliveries the order is: Roadster (2008), Model S (2012), Model X (2015), Model 3 (2017), Model Y (2020), Semi (2022, pilot fleet), Cybertruck (2023), Cybercab (2026).

Elon Musk laid out the logic back in 2006 in Tesla's "secret master plan" (tesla.com): start with an expensive car in small numbers, then move down-market toward higher volume and lower prices with each new model. That is what happened: first the Roadster on a Lotus chassis, then the expensive S and X, then the mass-market 3 and Y.

The names, on the other hand, spell a word. The third car was first called Model E, so that S, E and X would spell "SEX". At the June 2014 shareholder meeting Musk said that Tesla had to drop the name because Ford threatened to sue (CNBC). The car became the Model 3, and the 3 on its badge is drawn as three horizontal bars, like a mirrored E. The Model Y completed the word: S, 3, X, Y reads as S3XY. In 2016 Musk wrote that after the Model Y the names did not need to follow one scheme (Electrek), and the next vehicles were indeed the Semi, Cybertruck and Cybercab.

Roadster (2008–2012) and the second-generation Roadster

The first Tesla was a two-seat roadster on a Lotus Elise chassis. Lotus built the chassis in England, and Tesla did the final assembly of North American cars in California. Series production started on 17 March 2008 and ended in January 2012, when the Lotus contract expired. About 2,450 cars were sold in more than 30 countries (Wikipedia).

The battery had 6,831 cells in the 18650 format, about 53 kWh, with an EPA range of 393 km (244 miles). The same idea later went into the Model S: lots of small cylindrical cells in one pack. Version 2.5 arrived in July 2010, and later Tesla offered owners the Roadster 3.0 battery upgrade. On 6 February 2018 Musk's personal Roadster was launched into space on the first Falcon Heavy rocket (Wikipedia).

The second-generation Roadster was shown on 16 November 2017 at the end of the Semi unveiling. Sales were promised for 2020 with a $50,000 reservation, and then the date slipped year after year. A redesigned car was shown on 15 October 2026 at a SpaceX test site in Texas. Production is now promised for 2028 at Giga Texas, and no price was announced (Wikipedia).

Model S (2012–2026)

The Model S was the first car Tesla developed entirely in-house. First deliveries took place on 22 June 2012 at the Fremont factory (Tesla). Over 14 years the Model S went through four distinct stages:

• 2012–2016, the "classic". A black plastic nose cone instead of a grille, NCA 18650 batteries from 60 to 90 kWh. In October 2014 dual-motor AWD versions with a D badge arrived, together with the first Autopilot hardware.
• April 2016, new front end. The nose cone gave way to a Model X style fascia, with adaptive LED headlights and a HEPA cabin filter (Electrek).
• April 2019, "Raven". A new permanent-magnet front motor, adaptive air suspension, more range and up to 200 kW on V3 Superchargers.
• January 2021, "Palladium". A new interior with a landscape screen and a yoke steering wheel, plus the three-motor Plaid. The first 25 Plaids were handed over on 10 June 2021 (TeslaNorth).

In January 2026 Musk announced that the S and X would be discontinued and their Fremont line converted to build Optimus robots. The last cars were a farewell Signature run of 250 Model S and 100 Model X. On 10 May 2026 Tesla announced that the last Model S and Model X had left the line (electrive, Not a Tesla App). Tesla has not announced a direct replacement.

Every generation uses NCA 18650 cells, from 60 to 100 kWh; the Palladium pack is about 100 kWh with 7,920 cells. Known issues by generation are in the Model S section of the by-year guide, with separate articles on the Plaid and Palladium packs and Raven halfshaft shudder.

Model X (2015–2026)

An SUV on the Model S platform with falcon wing rear doors that open upward and three rows of seats for up to seven people. The prototype was shown on 9 February 2012, and deliveries began on 29 September 2015 (Wikipedia). There was never a rear-wheel-drive Model X: every version is AWD.

Updates followed the Model S: Raven in 2019 with adaptive air suspension and more range, and the 2021 refresh with a new interior and a Plaid version. Production ended in spring 2026 together with the Model S, 11 years after it started. The battery is NCA 18650, 60–100 kWh. What to check when buying one, especially the falcon wing doors, is in the Model X section of the guide.

Model 3 (since 2017) and the Highland refresh

The Model 3 was the first truly mass-market Tesla. It was unveiled on 31 March 2016, and the first cars were handed over on 28 July 2017. Shanghai has also built the Model 3 since December 2019, and in June 2021 it became the first electric car to pass one million sales (Wikipedia).

• Pre-refresh (2017–2023). The batteries changed more often than the styling: NCA 21700 in US cars, LFP in Shanghai-built Standard Range cars (China from late 2020, Europe from 2021), and LG NMC in Chinese and European Long Range cars from 2021. The most troublesome pack in the lineup is the US Panasonic NCA 82 kWh in 2021–2022 Long Range cars (imbalance article).
• Highland (since 2023). Tesla announced the refresh on 1 September 2023, deliveries began in October in most markets, and US orders opened on 10 January 2024 (CleanTechnica). New lights, a quieter cabin, a rear passenger screen, and the turn signal stalk was replaced with buttons on the steering wheel. In August 2025 Tesla brought the stalk back in China and started selling it as a retrofit (CnEVPost). The Highland Performance arrived in April 2024.
• Standard (since October 2025, US first). A simpler, cheaper version: cloth seats, no rear screen, fewer speakers (CNN).

Which Model 3 years and batteries to buy is in the Model 3 section of the guide.

Model Y (since 2020): Juniper and Model Y L

The Model Y is a crossover based on the Model 3, and the two share about 75% of their parts. It was unveiled on 14 March 2019, and US deliveries began in March 2020. The Model Y is built in four factories: Fremont, Shanghai (from December 2020), Berlin (deliveries from March 2022) and Texas (from April 2022). In 2023 Tesla delivered 1.2 million Model Ys, making it the best-selling vehicle in the world and the first electric car to hold that title (Wikipedia).

• Pre-refresh (2020–2025). The same batteries as the Model 3, plus the structural 4680 pack in the Texas-built AWD Standard Range from 2022 (Texas 4680 issues) and a BYD Blade pack of about 60 kWh in some 2023–2024 Standard Range cars.
• Juniper (since 2025). The refresh was launched in China on 10 January 2025, with deliveries there starting at the end of February. Full-width LED lighting and a reworked interior.
• Model Y L (since 2025). A six-seat version with a wheelbase 150 mm longer and two captain's chairs in the second row. It launched in China on 19 August 2025 (CarNewsChina), in Australia and New Zealand in March 2026, and in the US on 2 July 2026, where it is built in Texas (Electrek). The battery is LG NMC: about 82 kWh in the Chinese version and 88.2 kWh in the European and Australian versions. The car received EU type approval in December 2025 (Not a Tesla App), but as of October 2026 we found no official EU sales.
• Standard (since October 2025, US first). A simplified version on the same logic as the Model 3 Standard.

Which Model Y to buy, and what the buyer of a Texas 4680 car risks, is in the Model Y section of the guide.

Cybertruck, Semi and Cybercab: why you almost never see them in Belarus

Cybertruck (since 2023)

A pickup with a stainless steel exoskeleton body. The concept was shown on 21 November 2019 in Los Angeles, and the first trucks were handed over on 30 November 2023 at Giga Texas (Wikipedia). The battery is 4680 only, about 123 kWh (192S7P, 1,344 cells); there are no 21700 cells in it. The high-voltage system runs at about 800 V, while other Teslas use about 400 V. Versions: a dual-motor AWD and the tri-motor Cyberbeast; the rear-wheel-drive Long Range was sold only from April to September 2025.

Why it is so rare in Belarus:

• Tesla officially sells the Cybertruck in the US, Canada, Mexico, South Korea (from August 2025), Qatar, the UAE and Saudi Arabia (from October 2025), and since January 2026 also in Jordan and Israel. It has no EU type approval: the sharp steel edges fail European pedestrian protection rules. Some EU countries register individual trucks after modifications (proof).
• Its gross vehicle weight is at least 3.6 tonnes according to NHTSA filings (Automobile Propre). That is over 3.5 tonnes, so a category B licence is not enough, as owners in the chat pointed out back in 2024 (proof).
• It can only arrive as a private import with no official Tesla support, and a US truck also has a NACS port and the other quirks of a US-market car. Some of these pickups crossed Belarus in transit to Russia: the first Cybertruck spotted in Grodno in April 2024 went on to Moscow (proof), and in May 2024 Lithuanian customs detained two Cybertrucks that were reportedly being shipped through Belarus to Russia (proof).

A few do exist. A Cybertruck was seen in Zaslavl, just outside Minsk, in June 2026 (proof), one was listed for sale on av.by (proof), and a gold Cybertruck was on display at a Minsk car show in July 2026 (proof).

Semi (since 2022)

An electric semi truck with three motors on the rear axles. It was unveiled on 16 November 2017, and PepsiCo received the first pilot trucks on 1 December 2022 at the Nevada factory (Fortune). Volume production started on 29 April 2026 on a new line next to Giga Nevada, and on 24 September 2026 Tesla officially opened the plant, which is designed for 50,000 trucks a year (Electrek). The production Semi switched from 2170 cells to 4680. Claimed range is 325 miles (about 520 km) for the Standard Range and 500 miles (about 800 km) for the Long Range at a gross combination weight of 82,000 lb (about 37 tonnes).

There are no Semis in Belarus: it is a fleet vehicle, and deliveries go to corporate customers in the US. Tesla says a European version will be built on the same line.

Cybercab (since 2026)

A two-seat robotaxi with no steering wheel, pedals or side mirrors, and a battery of about 48 kWh built from 4680 cells. It was unveiled on 10 October 2024 at the We, Robot event. The first unit was built at Giga Texas in February 2026, and series production started in April. On 3 September 2026 Tesla held an invitation-only launch event in Austin, and the next day the Cybercab started carrying paying passengers in the Tesla Robotaxi service. By 10 October 2026, 319 Cybercabs were registered in Texas (Wikipedia).

The Cybercab is not sold to private buyers and runs inside the Tesla Robotaxi service, so there is nowhere to see one in Belarus yet.

Which Teslas people drive in Belarus

Tesla does not sell cars in Belarus officially, so every car there is imported from the US, Europe or China, and the market a car was built for matters as much as the model (market differences). How imports work now that the duty-free quota has run out is covered in the 2026 customs article.

In July 2026 the TESLA Belarus chat ran a poll, "Which Tesla model do you have?" (proof). 199 people voted, and more than one answer was allowed:

Judging by the comments, the Semi and Roadster votes were jokes (proof). A poll is not a census, but the picture is clear: almost only four models are driven in Belarus, and nearly half of the respondents own a Model 3.

How the Model 3, Y, S and X differ

• Model 3: a compact sedan, the most affordable Tesla and the most common one in Belarus.
• Model Y: a crossover based on the Model 3, with a higher seating position and a bigger trunk; the best-selling Tesla worldwide.
• Model S: a large liftback built from 2012 to 2026; its 18650 pack is repairable, and donor parts are available.
• Model X: an SUV based on the Model S, with falcon wing doors and a third row of seats.

Each link goes to the matching section of the by-year guide, where every generation gets a buy, check closely or avoid verdict. Before buying a specific car, go through the used Tesla checklist.